Ingenious Sluice Gate Found in Hezekiah’s Tunnel

In early June I toured this site and walked the Canaanite tunnel and then returned northward through the drainage channel to the Davidson Archaeological Park. I did not walk Hezekiah’s Tunnel as I didn’t want to get my gear soaked. Another historical site at The City of David Archeological Site was the Ancient Cardo which is not ready for public viewing due to safety reasons … Continue reading Ingenious Sluice Gate Found in Hezekiah’s Tunnel

Victimhood as the Refusal of Self-Knowledge

In Er (He), a collection of notes from 1920, Franz Kafka makes the following remark: Die Erbsünde, das alte Unrecht, das der Mensch begangen hat, besteht in dem Vorwurf, den der Mensch macht und von dem er nicht abläßt, daß ihm ein Unrecht geschehen ist, daß an ihm die Erbsünde begangen wurde. The original sin,… “The Old Wrong”: Victimhood as the Refusal of Self-Knowledge — Ad … Continue reading Victimhood as the Refusal of Self-Knowledge

Contra Replacement Theology: Who are the “People” in Mt. 21.43?

Therefore I tell you that the kingdom of God will be taken away from you and given to a people who will produce its fruit (NIV) This statement of Jesus comes on the heels of the Parable of the Tenants of the Vineyard. The parable is recorded in Mt. 21.33-45, Mk. 12.1-12, and Lk. 20.9-19. Mark and Luke use the term others instead of people … Continue reading Contra Replacement Theology: Who are the “People” in Mt. 21.43?

The Jefferson Bible

Throughout History, some very smart people have had erroneous ideas about the text of scripture. Just because a person is a hero or learned in one area of expertise, it doesn’t mean that their expertise transfers to other fields such as textual criticism or theology. Even among textual critics and theologians there is a polarity of opinion, sometimes, resulting in opposite opinions by equally competent … Continue reading The Jefferson Bible

Submerged Ruins of 3,400-Year-Old Mitanni City Revealed by Drought

Summary: Severe drought in Iraq revealed an ancient city from the Mitanni Empire. Will it shed light on the biblical period of the Judges? Therefore the anger of the LORD was kindled against Israel, and he sold them into the hand of Cushan-rishathaim king of Mesopotamia [Mitanni]. – Judges 3:8 (ESV) Severe Drought Exposes City… Submerged Ruins of 3,400-Year-Old Mitanni City Revealed by Drought — Patterns … Continue reading Submerged Ruins of 3,400-Year-Old Mitanni City Revealed by Drought

High Places, Altars and the Bamah

This rock-hewn altar was carved out of limestone and was approximately 8 feet on each side and 5 feet high. It is located about a mile from Shiloh, and the four corners point to the four directions on a compass (Exodus 27:1-2). The remains clearly demonstrate that animals were sacrificed on this high place. Photo:… High Places, Altars and the Bamah — Biblical Archaeology Society Continue reading High Places, Altars and the Bamah

Christ’s Threefold Ministry from Heaven’s Throne

A Jewish tour guide described Israel’s God as the “Transparent God.” This is probably a better word than “invisible.” The idea of transparency indicates more of a presence than “invisible,” at least to me. Anyway, here is a rich scriptural description that encompasses O.T. figures such as the Divine King, The High Priest, and Israel’s prophets who said “Thus says The Lord.” Jesus in His … Continue reading Christ’s Threefold Ministry from Heaven’s Throne

In Search of Meaning: The Doctrine of Angelic Replacement

This is a previously published post substantially revised and retitled. Also, since these brief thoughts have been brewing in my theological history for many years, I place them at the top of my site. Angel Definition Angels can be thought of as God’s assistants: Who makes his angels spirits, His ministers a fire (Ps. 104.4 Sept.). The popular conception of angels, chubby infants with wings, … Continue reading In Search of Meaning: The Doctrine of Angelic Replacement

Evangelicals, guns, and church and state in the Early Republic

Having just returned from visiting Israel’s sites and museums, I have never felt safer while in a country. Soldiers and plain-clothed individuals carrying submachine guns were abundant almost everywhere. Perhaps the solution to societal safety in America could be soldiers with guns among the public as well as open carry by more individuals. Also, when I worked as a carpenter no one was ever bullied. … Continue reading Evangelicals, guns, and church and state in the Early Republic

James Tour’s Devotional Practices

The bible promises (Jer. 31.31-34) that a time will come when individual believers will be taught of God. This is implicit in Jeremiah since no longer will they need human teachers. Jesus referred to this promise in John 6.45. Some try to find the quote in the Psalms but Jesus clearly says “in the Prophets.” I believe it was Raymond Brown who contended in our … Continue reading James Tour’s Devotional Practices

A New Article on the Contents of P46

The latest issue of Novum Testamentum is out (64.3), and among the new articles is one by me: “The Construction and Contents of the Beatty-Michigan Pauline Epistles Codex (𝔓⁴⁶).” A bifolium of the Beatty-Michigan codex of Paul’s letters; image source: Chester Beatty Digital Collections Here is the abstract: The surviving portion of the papyrus codex […] A New Article on the Contents of P46 — Variant … Continue reading A New Article on the Contents of P46

Don’t Disciple People into Fragmented Faith

A church member meticulously studies the Scriptures, but he refuses to obey in certain areas. His faith is primarily an intellectual pursuit. Another tends to follow her heart instead of God’s commands. Her feelings seem to override the Bible’s authority. Another brother faithfully serves the church, but he has no interest in doctrine, as if learning truth is an add-on to genuine Christianity. Don’t Disciple … Continue reading Don’t Disciple People into Fragmented Faith

How Ephesus causes problems for Skeptics

John the Apostle, the brother of James, ministered in Ephesus during his later years and was exiled to the isle of Patmos, not far from Ephesus. Of the seven letters of Revelation 2&3, Jesus wrote to Ephesus first, mediated through John. Rev. 2.1-7 is the only letter to the Ephesians. It is fairly clear that the Apostle John was the younger brother of James and … Continue reading How Ephesus causes problems for Skeptics

The Body Of Christ in 1Cor. 11.29: Who or What?

Everyone ought to examine themselves before they eat of the bread and drink from the cup. For those who eat and drink without discerning the body of Christ eat and drink judgment on themselves. That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep (1Cor. 11.28-30 NIV). The bible can be hard to understand sometimes. Even the Apostle Peter … Continue reading The Body Of Christ in 1Cor. 11.29: Who or What?

What Is the Presuppositional Apologetics of Cornelius Van Til? Apologetics in Action — Frame-Poythress.org

The following personal email has been adapted for a broader readership, to illustrate Van Til’s Apologetics. Used by permission. Dear A———: I appreciate your inquiry. 1,380 more words What Is the Presuppositional Apologetics of Cornelius Van Til? Apologetics in Action — Frame-Poythress.org Continue reading What Is the Presuppositional Apologetics of Cornelius Van Til? Apologetics in Action — Frame-Poythress.org

The Mystery of the Dead Sea Scrolls – Part 2 — Patterns of Evidence

Summary: Visiting the archaeological site of the ruins of Qumran is like being transported back to the time of Jesus. The examination of the history and controversies involved with the Dead Sea scrolls is continued in this second half of a 2-part series.  The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our God… The Mystery of the Dead Sea Scrolls – Part 2 — … Continue reading The Mystery of the Dead Sea Scrolls – Part 2 — Patterns of Evidence

The Two Leavened Loaves at Pentecost-Lev. 23.15-17

From the day after the Sabbath, the day you brought the sheaf of the wave offering, count off seven full weeks. Count off fifty days up to the day after the seventh Sabbath, and then present an offering of new grain to the Lord. From wherever you live, bring two loaves made of two-tenths of an ephah of the finest flour, baked with yeast, as a wave … Continue reading The Two Leavened Loaves at Pentecost-Lev. 23.15-17